Colorectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer
in the United States. It is also the second leading cause of deaths in cancer.
This is disturbing news for many readers. Researchers say that six out of 10
deaths from colorectal cancer could be prevented if screened earlier.
Colorectal cancer is commonly known as rectal cancer
or colon cancer depending on where the cancer starts. These two are typically
found together considering the numerous commonalities between them.
The following are typical types of colorectal
cancer:
Adenocarcinomas:
These cancers
start in cells that form glands that make mucus to lubricate the inside of the
colon and rectum. This is what most doctors refer to when speaking on
colorectal cancer.
Carcinoid
tumors: These tumors
start from specialized hormone-producing cells in the intestine.
Gastrointestinal
stromal tumors (GISTs): These tumors start from specialized cells in the wall of
the colon. Some are non-cancerous; others are malignant, which means cancerous.
These tumors can be found anywhere in the digestive tract, but they are unusual
in the colon.
Lymphomas: These are
cancers of immune system cells that typically start in lymph nodes, but can
start in the colon as well.
Sarcomas: These tumors
can start in blood vessels as well as in muscle and connective tissue in the
wall of the colon and rectum. These are fairly rare.
If you are
screened early enough, then many of the polyps, or growths, can be removed
fairly quickly if detected.
Most
importantly, concerns or questions you may have concerning your digestive
system contact your physician for more information.
Most doctors
will do a fecal occult blood test or stool DNA test. Other tests include
colonoscopy, CT colonoscopy (virtual testing), or double
contrast barium enema. These are X-ray driven tests to help look at the colon
or rectum.
If you are
treated with colorectal cancer, then many lifestyle changes may have to occur
in order to remain as healthy as possible.
Some of the
most important things that doctors recommend are eating healthy, a good night’s
rest, and exercising regularly. These things will improve cardiovascular
health, immune systems, can help lower anxiety and depression, and will make
your muscles stronger.
Both the American Cancer Society and the UAB
Comprehensive Cancer recommend screening for colorectal cancer beginning at age
50 for both men and women. We encourage you to talk to your physician to
determine the screening option that is right for you.
